PENGARUH FLEXIBILITY EXERCISE TERHADAP KEKUATAN OTOT PADA PASIEN HEMODIALISIS

Abstract

Kram otot  pasien hemodialisis akibat cairan dan elektrolit yang cepat meninggalkan ruangan ekstra sel. Penguatan otot akan menimbulkan injury pada serabut otot dan  akan menyebabkan adanya respon tubuh untuk memperbaiki injury dan pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan kekuatan otot. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui Flexibility Exercise terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot pasien hemodialisis. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan penelitian Kuantitatif dan rancangan Pre-Experiment dengan metode One Grup Pretest-Posttest desain, metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi. Populasinya berjumlah 157 orang dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 20 responden didapatkan dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Peneliti melakukan screening untuk mendapatkan pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Manual Muscle Testing sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan Flexibility Exercise. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α 0,05). Hasil penelitian sebelum dilakukan Flexibility Exercise kategori rentang gerak penuh tanpa gravitasi dengan skala 2 yaitu 11 orang (55%) sangat mendominasi dan sesudah dilakukan Flexibility Exercise menunjukkan kategori rentang gerak penuh, melawan gravitasi, tahanan penuh dengan skala 5 yaitu 15 orang (75%) sangat mendominasi. Hasil uji statistik didapat nilai significancy p value = 0,000 <α (0,005) berarti terdapat perbedaan nilai kekuatan otot pasien yang menjalani terapi hemodialisis antara sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan Flexibility Exercise. Flexibility Exercise dapat meningkatkan kekuatan otot pasien hemodialisis. Maka dapat digunakan sebagai satu alternatif terapi non farmakologis dan dapat diterapkan di RSUD Indramayu khususnya di ruang Hemodialisa.

Kata Kunci: Flexibility Exercise, Kekuatan Otot, Hemodialisis

 

Abstract

Hemodialysis patient's muscle cramps due to fluid and electrolytes that rapidly leave extra cell space. Strengthening the muscles will injure the muscle fibers and will cause the body to response to repair the injury and will ultimately increase muscle strength. This study aims to determine the flexibility of exercise to increase muscle strength in hemodialysis patients. The research design used quantitative research and pre-experimental design with the One Group Pretest-Posttest design method, the method of collecting data by means of observation. The population of the research is 157 people with 20 respondents as research sample and was obtained by using purposive sampling technique.  Researchers conducted a screening to find patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instrument used the Manual Muscle Testing technique before and after the Flexibility Exercise. The statistical test used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a confidence level of 95% (α 0.05). The results of the study before the Flexibility Exercise category of full range of motion without gravity on a scale of 2, namely 11 people (55%) were very dominant and after the Flexibility Exercise it showed the category of full range of motion, against gravity, full resistance with a scale of 5, namely 15 people (75%) were very dominant. The statistical test results showed that the significance value of p value = 0.000 <α (0.005) means that there are differences in the muscle strength values of patient undergoing hemodialysis therapy between before and after Flexibility Exercise. Flexibility Exercise can increase muscle strength in hemodialysis patients. So, it can be used as an alternative non-pharmacological therapy and can be applied in RSUD Indramayu, especially in the Hemodialysis room.

Keywords: Flexibility Exercise, Muscle Strength, Hemodialysis